Hair breakage has many different causes. Healthy hair depends on an inner cuticle with overlapping scales that keep your strands together. When these scales fall apart, your hair can get dry and eventually separate, leading to damage. This causes breakage, along with other symptoms, such as frizz and dryness.

"Once hair is split or broken, nothing can permanently fuse it back together," explains Beauty Lab Director Birnur Aral, Ph.D.
"Products like split end menders, leave-ins, conditioners, and treatment masks can seal the outer layer of strands so they temporarily appear smoother and less frayed and feel softer, and help protect hair from further damage."
However, the only real long-term solution is to trim off damaged areas.
"African American hair, regardless of thickness, is more damage-prone,"
explains GH Beauty Lab senior chemist Sabina Wizemann.
"This is partly because of the hair/s natural structure, which tends to be curly or kinky with bends that can prevent the scalp's protective oils from traveling down strands, and also the hair requires more force to style."

When using hair color, chemicals such as ammonia have to be used to open your hair shaft, so the dye can be deposited. Ammonia-free formulas exist, but industry studies have found that they're just as harmful (you have to use more and leave them on longer).
Many dyes, like the Beauty Lab's recommended formula with the Good Housekeeping Seal below, are infused with conditioning ingredients to help protect and repair hair during the color process. For gray coverage, go with a semi- or demi-permanent formula — it'll fade faster but is less harsh than a permanent dye. To highlight at home, avoid pull-through caps, which often result in damaging color overlap (go for a cap-less kit instead).

When using hair color, chemicals such as ammonia have to be used to open your hair shaft, so the dye can be deposited. Ammonia-free formulas exist, but industry studies have found that they're just as harmful (you have to use more and leave them on longer).
Many dyes, like the Beauty Lab's recommended formula with the Good Housekeeping Seal below, are infused with conditioning ingredients to help protect and repair hair during the color process. For gray coverage, go with a semi- or demi-permanent formula — it'll fade faster but is less harsh than a permanent dye. To highlight at home, avoid pull-through caps, which often result in damaging color overlap (go for a cap-less kit instead).
Before drying or ironing your hair, McMaster says, use a heat protection hair spray or serum that contains silicones or polymers, which create a protective barrier over strands. "These stylers work by coating hair at the high temperatures of heat styling and shielding the surface of damaged strands, which can improve hair's manageability, in turn resulting in reduced breakage," Aral explains.

April Franzino Beauty Director April Franzino is the Beauty Director at Good Housekeeping. (2021, November 2). Can you actually fix damaged hair? Good Housekeeping. Retrieved January 15, 2022, from https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/beauty/hair/tips/a15884/fix-damaged-hair/

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